You are worried about skin cancer?
Yes No
Solar radiation is in the right amount for our good health. However, it is important to know how to enjoy the sun sensibly to hurt us. Excessive sunbathing may, in later years, lead to skin cancer . Especially children's skin is sensitive, and therefore it needs to be carefully protected.
Hidden reactions
When the skin is exposed to sunlight, to produce more color pigment melanin, which browns the skin. Although melanin prevent skin burn immediately, does not protect against the harmful effects of UV rays. These are of two types: UVA rays penetrate into the middle layer of the skin and destroy its elasticity, encouraging aging and wrinkles. UVB radiation is absorbed by only the top layer of skin, causing sunburn to burns. Both types of rays, however, significantly increase the risk of skin cancer.
What is the risk
Prerequisites for the emergence of skin cancer are as follows:
Excessive sunbathing,
sunburn sun,
pale skin, blue eyes, freckles and red hair,
europoidní origin (little melanin is more likely to sunburn)
stay in direct sunlight between 11 am and 15 pm,
area of equator,
High Altitude
Artificial sources of UV radiation (solar studies).
The Sun has the power
Incineration. Excessive sun exposure leads to sunburn. It turns red, painful and warmer. After a few days can begin to peel away. Help cold shower on unbroken skin, then moisturizing creams to prevent drying. Preparations containing paracetamol or ibuprofen ease the pain. When the symptoms do not subside, deteriorate or appeared in children, it is necessary to see a doctor.
Heat exhaustion. This condition occurs when the core body temperature rises above 40 ° C. Normal temperature is 37 ° C. The body loses water from excessive sweating. You feel bad, you appear headache and feeling faint. Quickly move to a cool place, away from direct sunlight and drink plenty of fluids, or seek medical help. This will avoid life-threatening hyperthermia.
Heatstroke and sunstroke. When the body temperature rises above 40 ° C, cells begin to break down (especially the brain), failing internal organs and with them vital function in extreme cases, death occurs. The temperature rise may be due to excessive heat in general (in terms of heat stroke) or direct sunlight (then it's heatstroke). Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, confusion, rapid shallow breathing, loss of consciousness. This condition requires immediate medical care - cooling the body using cold infusion and replacing lost fluids.
Skin damage. It appears premature skin aging, wrinkles, pigmented spots on the skin growths (actinic keratosis), and last but not least tumors. These are all typical symptoms of the effect of UV rays on the skin. Eight to nine out of ten cases of skin cancer is due to excess amount of solar radiation. Skin cells are damaged and are more susceptible to cancerous changes. Protect your skin especially children, are more susceptible to damage than adult skin. Newborns and infants under any circumstances in the sun, do not leave!
How to protect yourself
We recommend to follow the following rules:
Do not stand out between 11 and 15 pm in May to September, possibly hide under trees, umbrellas, canopies, etc.
Adequately covers its body - do not forget the neck, prefer long sleeves, wear hats.
Wear sunglasses with UV protection.
Against UVB rays, apply a sunscreen with a protection factor of at least 15, all children and adults with pale skin, then a factor of 30th
UVA "tame" creams with a higher number of stars (used rating from 0 to 5).
Remember to lubricate the lips, ears, the area around the eyes, head, back of the hands and feet.
Remember that no cream is not 100% effective against sunburn never replace clothing or shade.
Apply sunscreen product at least 20-30 minutes before sun exposure, and subsequently at regular intervals and at least every two hours and always after swimming.
Do not use creams with expired shelf life, store them in the shade and cool.
Remember that clouds stay in the water, wet clothes or self-tanning products can protect against UV rays.
Beneficial effect
Solar rays, however, are necessary for the formation of vitamin D. It was found that for the sufficient amount enough to stay 20-30 minutes 2-3 times a week in direct sunlight. For people with extremely fair skin, and extremely sensitive to sunburn it is recommended to avoid direct sunlight and consider compensation for vitamin D in tablet form. But be careful, "Deck" can even overdose, so always consult your doctor!
Sunlight promotes the secretion of serotonin, a hormone that our "doing" a lot happier. Enjoy the summer months, but remember enough to protect you not only look good, but there were also health.
Author of the article: MD. Brigita Marhefková
Source: U lékaře.cz